Large Language Models for HVAC Operations in Building Energy Systems: A Critical Review of Methods, Applications, and Deployment Readiness
Building automation systems generate rich sensor data yet remain insight-poor because heterogeneous point naming, missing metadata, and fragmented documentation obstruct their operational use. This systematic review analyses and codes 66 peer-reviewed studies on large language models (LLMs) for HVAC operations published between 2023 and March 2026. Each study is classified across five application families and three LLM method families and assessed for evidence realism, deployment readiness, and the responsibility boundary between the LLM and physical HVAC decisions. The corpus is concentrated
Lineage graph
Paper → model → repo connections mined from source citations (Tier-1 exact match).
Why these links exist
Every edge carries a method, confidence, and the source snippet that justified it — so bad links are debuggable.
- PossiblePossibly related (embedding) · 47%How AI LIVE: London Will Explore AI in Energy Technology - AI Magazine →
- FuzzySimilar title/name (fuzzy) · 59%tirth8205/code-review-graph →
“Fuzzy title match (0.73): “Large Language Models for HVAC Operations in Building Energy” ≈ “tirth8205/code-review-graph””
- LinkedLinked via arxiv author · 85%Alexander Neubauer →
“Large Language Models for HVAC Operations in Building Energy Systems: A Critical Review of Methods, Applications, and De”
- LinkedLinked via arxiv author · 85%Tianzhen Hong →
“Large Language Models for HVAC Operations in Building Energy Systems: A Critical Review of Methods, Applications, and De”
- LinkedLinked via arxiv author · 85%Yihan Li →
“Large Language Models for HVAC Operations in Building Energy Systems: A Critical Review of Methods, Applications, and De”
- LinkedLinked via arxiv author · 85%Mengbo Yu →
“Large Language Models for HVAC Operations in Building Energy Systems: A Critical Review of Methods, Applications, and De”
- LinkedLinked via arxiv author · 85%Amin Darbandi →
“Large Language Models for HVAC Operations in Building Energy Systems: A Critical Review of Methods, Applications, and De”
- LinkedLinked via arxiv author · 85%Yannick Fürst →
“Large Language Models for HVAC Operations in Building Energy Systems: A Critical Review of Methods, Applications, and De”